11/13/2023 0 Comments Medieval architecture voussoir stoneThat period was not, as regards architecture, one of growth and development of at all the same kind as were the Middle Ages, neither was the art in its earlier phases vernacular in the same sense that medieval art had been. With the Renaissance the case is somewhat different. It was an unwritten law based solely upon precedent, a purely traditional art learned only at the bench, and as such it was continually advancing. Medieval architecture was always in a period of transition. The terms Early English, Decorated, and Perpendicular are now too well established to be disregarded, but their use, if it does not actually convey an idea of definite breaks in the continuity of the art, at least suggests very rapid change from one style to another through short periods of transition. But this is in many respects unfortunate, and, indeed, the very use of the word style, except as applied to the great periods, such as Romanesque, Gothic, and Renaissance, is apt to be misleading. It has been common to divide English medieval architecture into several distinct styles. The mighty structures of the Britons, still shrouded in mystery, and the elaborate buildings of the Romans about which we are now learning so much, are connected by so slight a thread with all that followed that the break may, for our present purpose, be considered as absolute. So too with the work of our own country previous to Saxon times. It will be impossible to attempt a review of Scottish architecture, with its strong national character and piquant French flavour, or of the art of Ireland, which in early days passed through a phase so interesting and far-reaching in its effects. The subject of English Architecture is so large that it will be necessary to confine the following sketch strictly within the limits – both geographical and chronological – imposed by the term. Religious Orders in England at the time of Henry VIII. Local varieties of style and workmanship.Ĭhronological list of Buildings and Architects Eighteenth century.įrench and English, apse, proportions. Edward I.: typical plan, growth of house, courtyards, gradual improvement. The Benedictines: church, cloister, chapter-house, dormitory, frater, guest-house, infirmary.Ĭluniacs. Growth of the building.ĭescription of the parish church previous to the Reformation.Ĭhanges made at the Reformation. ![]() Later history illustrating social history. The apse, the enlarged presbytery, the choir and pulpitum. Size of Norman churches and influence on subsequent work. Norman Conquest, Norman plans for great churches, modifications by the English. Augustine's mission, orientation, early Saxon churches, the cross-plan. Basilican plan, origin, earliest buildings, Romano-British church. Paul's, City churches, character of Wren's work. Continuance of Gothic and revival under Laud. ![]() Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, Tuscan and Composite. The Orders, Greek and Roman, subdivisions of an Order. ![]() Gothic traditions, gables, chimneys, etc. Henry VIII.: Gothic with Italian details. Perpendicular: Reduction of wall surface. Roofs.ĭecorated: The development of tracery, geometrical, flowing. Effect of the change on vaulting.Įarly English: King Henry III.
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